This is noticeable in quite a few situations.

1) Thumbnails in the file manager.
2) Preview of images in the file open dialog.
3) Wallpapers.

Probably more.

To reproduce this very easily, open both attached images in a color profile aware application, such as eog, Firefox or Chrome. You'll notice that both images are almost exactly the same, with only a slight variation in the blue color.

Now view the images as described in the examples above. Easiest is setting as wallpaper. You'll notice that red and green are much less satured and dull, with green being yellowish. Very noticeable difference.

File file.srgb.png is the original image, in default sRGB colorspace, with sRGB ICC profile attached. The other file, file.ergb.png, is the same image converted to eciRGB colorspace, with eciRGB ICC profile attached.

What happens is that nautilus ignores both profiles, and renders the images in default colorspace (either sRGB or monitor profile, haven't really figured out which). As the sRGB image is already in sRGB, and most monitors are sRGB calibrated (or close), ignoring the attached profile makes no (or very little) difference. With the eciRGB image however it does.

This does especially affect common color profiles, such as Adobe RGB.