In the page setup dialog, selecting that one wants to print also styles without content only adds styles to the left and below the content rather than all styles.

This is due to the fact that

sheet_get_printarea uses sheet_style_get_extent (sheet, &r, NULL);

The code documents that sheet_style_get_extent:
 * A simple implementation that find the max lower and right styles that are
 * visible.  If @most_common_in_cols is specified it finds the most common
 * style for each column (0..SHEET_MAX_COLS-1) and ignores that style in
 * boundary calculations.

This does conflict with the plain language of the name of this function.
sheet_style_get_extent is also used in 
plugins/excel/ms-excel-write.c   and
plugins/openoffice/openoffice-write.c
so I don't know whether sheet_style_get_extent should be changed to find the true extent or whether sheet_get_printarea should determine the right-top limit of the print area by itself.