In following example condition <xsl:if test="text()"> MUST evaluate to false.

  $ cat my.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<test>
  <x a="1">
    <x a="2" b="B">
      <x>
        <y>y31</y>
        <y>y32</y>
      </x>
    </x>
  </x>
</test>

  $ cat my.xsl
<?xml version='1.0'?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
                xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
  <xsl:output method="xml" omit-xml-declaration="no" indent="yes"/>

  <xsl:template match="text()"/>

  <xsl:template match="/">
    <xsl:apply-templates select="/test">
    </xsl:apply-templates>
  </xsl:template>

  <xsl:template match="test">
    <xsl:if test="text()">
      <XXX>
        <xsl:value-of select="."/>
      </XXX>
    </xsl:if>
  </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>


  $ xsltproc -v my.xsl my.xml >my.out

creating dictionary for stylesheet
reusing dictionary from my.xsl for stylesheet
xsltParseStylesheetProcess : found stylesheet
xsltPrecomputeStylesheet: removing ignorable blank node
xsltCompilePattern : parsing 'text()'
xsltCompilePattern : parsed text(), default priority -0.500000
added pattern : 'text()' priority -0.500000
xsltCompilePattern : parsing '/'
xsltCompilePattern : parsed /, default priority 0.500000
added pattern : '/' priority 0.500000
xsltCompilePattern : parsing 'test'
xsltCompilePattern : parsed test, default priority 0.000000
added pattern : 'test' priority 0.000000
parsed 3 templates
Resolving attribute sets references
Creating sub-dictionary from stylesheet for transformation
Registered 0 modules
reusing transformation dict for output
Registering global variables
Registering global variables from my.xsl
xsltProcessOneNode: applying template '/' for /
xsltApplyTemplates: select /test
xsltApplyTemplates: list of 1 nodes
xsltProcessOneNode: applying template 'test' for test
xsltIf: test text()
xsltIf: test evaluate to 1
xsltApplySequenceConstructor: copy node XXX
xsltValueOf: select .
xsltCopyTextString: copy text 
  
    
      
        y31
        y32
      
    
  

xsltValueOf: result '
  
    
      
        y31
        y32
      
    
  
'
freeing transformation dictionary
freeing dictionary from stylesheet


  $ cat my.out
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<XXX>
  
    
      
        y31
        y32
      
    
  
</XXX>