With gnome-vfs 2.8.x installed:

gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I.. -DEVINCE_UIDIR=\"/home/bnocera/gtk-test//share/evince\" -DGNOMELOCALEDIR=\"/home/bnocera/gtk-test//share/locale\" -I../pdf -I../pixbuf -I../tiff -I../ps -I../djvu -I../dvi -I../impress -I../comics -pthread -DORBIT2=1 -I/home/bnocera/gtk-test//include/gtk-2.0 -I/home/bnocera/gtk-test//lib/gtk-2.0/include -I/home/bnocera/gtk-test//include/atk-1.0 -I/home/bnocera/gtk-test//include/cairo -I/home/bnocera/gtk-test//include/pango-1.0 -I/home/bnocera/gtk-test/include/glib-2.0 -I/home/bnocera/gtk-test/lib/glib-2.0/include -I/usr//include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/libpng12 -I/usr/X11R6/include -I/usr/include/gnome-vfs-2.0 -I/usr/lib/gnome-vfs-2.0/include -I/usr/include/bonobo-activation-2.0 -I/usr/include/orbit-2.0 -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -DG_DISABLE_DEPRECATED -DGDK_DISABLE_DEPRECATED -DGTK_DISABLE_DEPRECATED -DGNOME_DISABLE_DEPRECATED -DPANGO_DISABLE_DEPRECATED -DBONOBO_DISABLE_DEPRECATED -g -O2 -MT ev-attachment.lo -MD -MP -MF .deps/ev-attachment.Tpo -c ev-attachment.c  -fPIC -DPIC -o .libs/ev-attachment.o
ev-attachment.c: In function `ev_attachment_save':
ev-attachment.c:297: error: `GNOME_VFS_OPEN_TRUNCATE' undeclared (first use in this function)
ev-attachment.c:297: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
ev-attachment.c:297: error: for each function it appears in.)
make[3]: *** [ev-attachment.lo] Error 1
make[3]: Leaving directory `/home/bnocera/Projects/Cvs/evince/backend'
make[2]: *** [all] Error 2
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/bnocera/Projects/Cvs/evince/backend'
make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/bnocera/Projects/Cvs/evince'
make: *** [all] Error 2

Either the configure.ac should be updated to require at least gnome-vfs 2.9.3 (the first one with GNOME_VFS_OPEN_TRUNCATE), or maybe `GNOME_VFS_OPEN_TRUNCATE' isn't needed here as the file is newly created.